| 1. | Concerning the benefits and risks of hormone replacement therapy (HRT), which of the following is true? |
| A. | HRT increases the risk of coronary heart disease in women who start HRT within 10 years of menopause. |
| B. | HRT increases the risk of stroke when it is initiated after the age of 60. |
| C. | The benefit of bone protection continues after discontinuation of HRT. |
| D. | The risk of breast cancer among ex-HRT users decreases and becomes similar to non-users. |
| E. | The use of transdermal HRT is associated with an increased risk of venous thrombo-embolism. |
| 2. | A 52-year-old lady complained of troublesome hot flushes and vulval dryness for 9 months. Her last menstrual period was 18 months ago. She enjoyed good past health and never smokes or drinks. Which of the following hormone therapy is the most appropriate? |
| A. | Oral continuous combined oestrogen and progestogen |
| B. | Oral cyclical combined oestrogen and progestogen |
| C. | Oral oestrogen |
| D. | Transdermal oestrogen |
| E. | Vaginal oestrogen |
| 3. | Which of the following is wrong when assessing mental capacity of our patients? |
| A. | The patient needs to be able to understand and retain the information relevant to the decision in question. |
| B. | The patient needs to belief in the information given to him or her. |
| C. | The patient needs to be able to weigh the information in the balance to arrive at a choice. |
| D. | Patient with mental illness must be mentally incapacitated. |
| E. | If there is no impairment of, or disturbance in functioning of the mind or the brain, the person is deemed to have capacity. |
| 4. | Which of the following is wrong when giving consent to medical treatment by mentally incapacitated persons who have mental disorder or mental handicap? |
| A. | A relative can consent to medical treatment for a mentally incapacitated person who have mental disorder or mental handicap. |
| B. | Part IV C of the Mental Health Ordinance is commonly known as consent by two doctors. |
| C. | Best interests of patients are central to all clinical decisions. |
| D. | Where treatment is not urgently needed, all reasonable steps must be taken to ascertain whether there is a guardian. |
| E. | Part IV C of the Mental Health Ordinance gives a doctor the power to provide urgent or non-urgent medical treatment to a mentally incapacitated patient without consent, provided that the patient does not understand the nature and effect of the treatment. |
| 5. | Which of the following is the parametric test for testing one categorical independent variable (>2-level) and one continuous dependent variable? |
| A. | Chi-Square Test |
| B. | Independent T-test |
| C. | 1-way ANOVA |
| D. | Welch’s ANOVA |
| E. | Mann-Whitney Test |
| 6. | Which of the following is NOT a correct pair of null hypothesis and alterative hypothesis? |
| A. | Null hypothesis: mean in group 1 equals to mean in group 2; Alterative hypothesis: mean in group 1 does not equal to mean in group 2. |
| B. | Null hypothesis: proportion in group 1 equals to proportion in group 2; Alterative hypothesis: proportion in group 1 does not equal to proportion in group 2. |
| C. | Null hypothesis: means in group 1 to 4 are equal; Alterative hypothesis: two or more means in group 1 to 4 are different from the others. |
| D. | Null hypothesis: means in group 1 to 4 are equal; Alterative hypothesis: means in group 1 to 4 are not equal. |
| E. | Null hypothesis: variance in group 1 equals to variance in group 2; Alterative hypothesis: variance in group 1 does not equal to variance in group 2. |