| 1. | In the study titled "Nurses' attitude to seasonal influenza vaccine in primary care outpatient clinics: a qualitative study", the constructs of Rosenstock’s Health Belief Model does NOT include: |
| A. | Perceived susceptibility |
| B. | Perceived severity |
| C. | Perceived view of society |
| D. | Cues to action |
| E. | Self-efficacy |
| 2. | In the above-mentioned study, which of the following statement is TRUE regarding the motivating factor for vaccination: |
| A. | Strong personal belief on effectiveness of vaccination is the key motivating factor for vaccination uptake. |
| B. | Strong belief on alternative protective measures in influenza prevention (apart from vaccination) does not affect vaccine uptake. |
| C. | Scientific information acquired through education and second-hand experience (observing others, such as family, peers and patients) are major motivating factors for receiving vaccination. |
| D. | Fear on the potential side effects is not a deterrent in vaccine uptake decision. |
| E. | Nurses found it difficult to receive SIV at workplace. |
| 3. | In the above-mentioned study, the findings suggest the following aspect(s) that might be done differently in SIV campaign to enhance uptake: (I.) To review the moment when a nurse registers at the vaccination room, e.g. deploying staff from another cluster of Hospital Authority at the registration counter. (II.) To generate discussion and reflection among nurses on how vaccination, as a means of protecting patients and themselves, fit into the nursing professionalism in which they take pride. (III.) To deploy many vaccinated nurses as ambassadors to influence their peers. |
| A. | I |
| B. | III |
| C. | I & II |
| D. | II & III |
| E. | All of the above |
| 4. | Which of the following is FALSE? |
| A. | Prostate cancer incidence is decreasing. |
| B. | From the Hong Kong Cancer Registry, the proportion of prostate cancer that is diagnosed at an advanced stage is high. As Hong Kong practitioners, we need to work together to improve the late diagnosis of prostate cancer patients. |
| C. | Prostate cancer screening can reduce metastatic disease & cancer mortality, however inappropriate screening can lead to over-diagnosis & treatment. Therefore, risk-stratification tools like blood test - PHI, urine tests - urine spermine test,or MRI are available now to improve screening of patients. |
| D. | Even if the patients are at an advanced age, if they develop symptoms or metastasis, they may still need to be treated for their prostate cancer. |
| E. | Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is elevated in prostate cancer, but can also be elevated in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), urinary tract infections (UTI), prostatitis, urinary retention, recent ejaculation, recent transurethral instrumentation, or other confounding causes. |
| 5. | Prostate cancer diagnosis: which of the following is FALSE? |
| A. | Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is never useful. |
| B. | Digital rectal examination (DRE) may help to detect any suspicious prostate nodules. |
| C. | Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the prostate is useful: if positive findings, it can help to locate the suspicious area for better targeted prostate biopsy; if negative, it has a good negative predictive value. |
| D. | Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET-CT scan is a promising and accurate imaging option for prostate cancer. |
| E. | Prostate biopsies can be done nowadays through the transperineal route with a low sepsis risk, compared to the traditional transrectal route. |
| 6. | Prostate cancer treatment: which of the following is FALSE? |
| A. | Localised prostate cancer can be treated with a risk-stratified approach. Treatment options include active surveillance, prostatectomy and radiotherapy. |
| B. | Focal therapies including HIFU, cryotherapy, microwave ablation are promising alternative treatments for selected localised prostate cancer patients. |
| C. | Androgen-deprivation therapy (either by bilateral orchidectomy, or by LHRH agonist or antagonists), can help reduce the androgen drive and prostate cancer progression. |
| D. | Metastatic prostate cancer has no available treatments. |
| E. | Metastatic prostate cancer can be treated with androgen-deprivation therapy, in combination with various promising new treatment options. |